giorgio de chirico biographie

In the years before World War I, he founded the scuola metafisica art movement, which profoundly influenced the surrealists. Giorgio de Chirico (Volos, Grecia; 10 de julio de 1888 – Roma; 20 de noviembre de 1978) fue un pintor italiano nacido en Grecia de padres italianos. [42] The cover art of New Order's single "Thieves Like Us" is based on de Chirico's painting The Evil Genius of a King. In the years before World War I, he founded the Scuola metafisica art movement. Among de Chirico's most frequent motifs were arcades, of which he wrote: "The Roman arcade is fate ... its voice speaks in riddles which are filled with a peculiarly Roman poetry".[14]. He wrote essays on art and other subjects, and in 1929 published a novel entitled Hebdomeros, the Metaphysician. Godine 1909. vratio se u Italiju.. Utemeljitelj je metafizičke Å¡kole u slikarstvu. At the beginning of 1910, he moved to Florence where he painted the first of his 'Metaphysical Town Square' series, The Enigma of an Autumn Afternoon, after the revelation he felt in Piazza Santa Croce. Giorgio De Chirico a un frère cadet, Andrea Francesco Alberto de Chirico, connu comme l'écrivain, peintre et compositeur Alberto Savinio. Find more prominent pieces of allegorical painting at Wikiart.org – best visual art database. Giorgio de Chirico, född 10 juli 1888 i Volos, Grekland, död 20 november 1978 i Rom, Italien, var en italiensk målare, scenograf, illustratör, grafiker och skulptör . ")—this question, inscribed by the young artist on his self-portrait in 1911, is their subtext. "Literary cineastes: the Italian novel and the cinema". Here, Gi… Giorgio de Chirico (Italian, 1888–1978) Giorgio De Chirico was born on 10th July 1888 in Volos, the capital of Thessaly (Greece). His towers, walls, and plazas seem to flash by, and you are made to feel the power that comes from seeing things that way: you feel you know them more intimately than the people do who live with them day by day. ), grčko-talijanski slikar; osnivač metafizičke Å¡kole slikarstva i preteča nadrealizma. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Both of his parents were from different descents as his mother was a Genoan while the father was Sicilian. metafyzické malby (pittura metafisica). Giorgio de Chirico ( Vólos, Grécia, 10 de julho de 1888 — Roma, 20 de novembro de 1978 ), foi um pintor italiano. Together they moved to Italy in 1932 and to the US in 1936,[10] finally settling in Rome in 1944. Peter E. Bondanella & Andrea Ciccarelli (eds.). Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Născut în Volos, Grecia dintr-o mamă grecoaică și un tată sicilian, de Chirico este fondatorul La scuola metafisica în arte. [21] They soon parted ways in acrimony. At the time of his birth, his father was managing the construction of a railroad in Greece. Giorgio De Chirico (n. 10 iulie 1888, Volos, Grecia – d. 20 noiembrie 1978, Roma, Italia ), cunoscut și ca Népo, a fost un pictor suprarealist italian, poate cel mai enigmatic exponent al artei figurative din secolul al XX-lea. [24] During the 1960s, Massimiliano Fuksas worked in his atelier. Životopis. In July 1911 he spent a few days in Turin on his way to Paris. Upon his arrival in May 1915, he enlisted in the army, but he was considered unfit for work and assigned to the hospital at Ferrara. After studying art in Athens and Florence, de Chirico moved to Germany in 1906 and entered the Munich Academy of Fine Arts. After Evaristo de Chirico's death in 1905, the family relocated in 1906 to Germany, after first visiting Florence. Giorgio de Chirico was born in Volos, Greece to Italian parents. De Chirico’s Metaphysical paintings exercised a profound influence on the painters of the Surrealist movement in the 1920s. De Chirico strongly influenced the Surrealist movement: Yves Tanguy wrote how one day in 1922 he saw one of de Chirico's paintings in an art dealer's window, and was so impressed by it he resolved on the spot to become an artist—although he had never even held a brush. Soon, their mother traveled with them to Munich. De Chirico es reconocido entre otras cosas por haber fundado el movimiento artístico scuola metafisica Biografía. [4][6] De Chirico's family was in Greece at the time of his birth because his father, engineer, was in charge of the construction of a railroad. After studying art in Athens and Florence, de Chirico moved to Germany in 1906 and entered the Munich Academy of Fine Arts. - Rim, 20. studenog 1978. In 1930, de Chirico met his second wife, Isabella Pakszwer Far (1909-1990), a Russian, with whom he would remain for the rest of his life. [15] In Ferrara he met with Carlo Carrà and together they founded the pittura metafisica movement. Volos 1888 - Rom 1978. His early style was influenced by Arnold Böcklin’s and Max Klinger’s paintings, which juxtapose the fantastic with the commonplace. 2065 askART artist summary of Giorgio De Chirico. Giorgio de Chirico (10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was an Italian painter and writer. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. His father was an engineer working on the construction of the Greek railway system and his mother was a noblewoman of Genoese origin. Corrections? He also worked in etching and sculpture. De Chirico's style has influenced several filmmakers, particularly in the 1950s through 1970s. [35] In his book Blizzard of One Mark Strand included a poetic diptych called "Two de Chiricos": "The Philosopher's Conquest" and "The Disquieting Muses". Hebdomeros is a 1929 book—referred to by some as a novel—by Italian artist and writer Giorgio de Chirico. Jahrhunderts 1880–1940", by Giulio Carlo Argan, 1990, p. 201. In them he developed a repertoire of motifs—empty arcades, towers, elongated shadows, mannequins, and trains among others—that he arranged to create "images of forlornness and emptiness" that paradoxically also convey a feeling of "power and freedom". Giorgio De Chirico was born on July 10, 1888, in Volos, the capital of Thessaly, Greece. He sent his son to study drawing and painting at Athens Polytechnic beginning in 1900. Giorgio de Chirico is most well known for his metaphysical paintings which influenced the Surrealists to come. [43], The music video for the David Bowie song "Loving the Alien" was partly influenced by de Chirico. [23] In 1945, he published his memoirs. He became an outspoken opponent of modern art. Giorgio de Chirico (Volos, Grčka, 10. srpnja 1888. Giorgio de Chirico (10 de xunetu de 1888, Volos - 20 de payares de 1978, Roma) foi un pintor italianu nacíu en Bolos, Grecia, de pás italianos.De Chirico ye famosu ente abondes otres coses por crear el movimientu artísticu scuola metafisica.. Estudió arte n'Atenes y Florencia, anantes de colar a Alemaña en 1906, u entró n'Academia de Belles Artes de Münich. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Giorgio-de-Chirico, Guggenheim - Biography of Giorgio De Chirico, The Art Story - Biography of Giorgio De Chirico, Art Encyclopedia - Biography of Giorgio de Chirico, Giorgio de Chirico - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Updates? Beginning in 1900, de Chirico studied drawing and painting at Athens Polytechnic—mainly under the guidance of the Greek painters Georgios Roilos and Georgios Jakobides. Or possibly it is a cloud on the horizon, lit by the sun that never penetrates the buildings, in the last electric blue silence of dusk. He resented this, as he thought his later work was better and more mature. The founder of the Metaphysical art movement, Giorgio de Chirico was an Italian (Born in Volos,Greece)surrealist painter, whose work implied a metaphysical questioning of reality. Moving to Paris in 1911, de Chirico gained the admiration of Pablo Picasso and Guillaume Apollinaire with his ambiguously ominous scenes of deserted piazzas. Sa mère, Gemma Cervetto, née à Smyrne, en Turquie, d'une famille italienne de la noblesse génoise, est chanteuse d'opéra . července 1888 Volos, Řecko – 20. listopadu 1978 Řím), řecko-italský malíř a grafik.Byl hlavním představitelem tzv. It contracts the near and the far, enchanting one's sense of space. [7] His younger brother, Andrea Francesco Alberto, became a famous writer, painter and composer under the pseudonym of Alberto Savinio. His father, Evaristo de Chirico worked as a railway engineer. [20] De Chirico's later paintings never received the same critical praise as did those from his metaphysical period. Giorgio De Chirico 1971 Milano, mostra personale di scultura.jpg 4,690 × 6,805; 1.79 MB Giorgio De Chirico and René Clair.jpg 950 × 622; 128 KB Logo Casa Editrice Bestetti 1906 Milano.jpg 600 × 816; 183 KB At the outbreak of World War I, he returned to Italy. "De Chirico, Giorgio". Through his brother he met Pierre Laprade, a member of the jury at the Salon d'Automne, where he exhibited three of his works: Enigma of the Oracle, Enigma of an Afternoon and Self-Portrait. De Chirico interest in art made him enroll for his art studies at Higher School of Fine Arts located in Athens. In 1958, Riverside Records used a reproduction of de Chirico's 1915 painting The Seer (originally painted as a tribute to French poet Arthur Rimbaud) as the cover art for pianist Thelonious Monk's live album Misterioso. Biography of Giorgio De Chirico. Giorgio de Chirico was an Italian artist and writer born in Greece. [13] The picture space often featured illogical, contradictory, and drastically receding perspectives. Bersama dengan Carlo Carrà dan Giorgio Morandi, dia telah menemukan gaya penglusikan metafisika (Metaphysical painting). Grove Art Online. Giorgio de Chirico (10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was an Italian painter and writer. Bowie was an admirer of his genderless tailors' dummies. Giorgio de Chirico was an Italian artist who co-founded the genre of ‘metaphysical painting’ which had a profound influence on the Surrealists. In 1992 his remains were moved to the Roman church of San Francesco a Ripa. He began to paint in a neoclassical style. In November 1919, de Chirico published an article in Valori plastici entitled "The Return of Craftsmanship", in which he advocated a return to traditional methods and iconography. There, he worked with the Greek artists Georgios Roilos and Georgios Jakobides. His father, named Evaristo De Chirico, was a railroad engineer. Umjetnički se obrazovao u Ateni, Firenci i Münchenu (od 1906.) Giorgio de Chirico Born July 10, 1888 Volos, Greece Died November 20, 1978 (at age 90) Rome, Italy Nationality Italian Education Academy of Fine Arts in Munich Movement Scuola metafisica, Surrealism Field Painting, Sculpture, Drawing, Costume and Stage design Works View Complete Works Giorgio de Chirico (1888-1978) was an Italian artist who was known for La firma dell'artista. [26] According to Sanford Schwartz, de Chirico—whose father was a railroad engineer—painted images that suggest "the way you take in buildings and vistas from the perspective of a train window. Giorgio de Chirico was born in Volos, Greece to Italian parents. "[12] Metaphysical art combined everyday reality with mythology, and evoked inexplicable moods of nostalgia, tense expectation, and estrangement. [31] The visual style of Valerio Zurlini's film The Desert of the Tartars (1976) was influenced by de Chirico's work. gdje je postao članom umjetničke akademije. There, he also studied the works of Arnold Böcklin and Max Klinger. There, he was able to continue making art and practiced a modification of his earlier manner, marked by more compact groupings of incongruous objects. Fagiolo Dell’Arco, Maurizio, & Cavallo, Luigi (1985). The visual style of the French animated film Le Roi et l'oiseau, by Paul Grimault and Jacques Prévert, was influenced by de Chirico's work, primarily via Tanguy, a friend of Prévert. [17], In the early 1920s, the Surrealist writer André Breton discovered one of de Chirico's metaphysical paintings on display in Guillaume's Paris gallery, and was enthralled. [28], In this, he resembles his more representational American contemporary, Edward Hopper: their pictures' low sunlight, their deep and often irrational shadows, their empty walkways and portentous silences creating an enigmatic visual poetry.[29]. In the years before World War I, he founded the scuola metafisica art movement, which profoundly influenced the surrealists. Giorgio de Chirico werd in Griekenland geboren uit Italiaanse ouders en volgde zijn kunstopleidingen in Athene, Florence en vanaf 1906 aan de kunstacademie van München, waar hij Böcklin en Klinger ontdekte. [9][10] The style of his earliest paintings, such as The Dying Centaur (1909), shows the influence of Böcklin.[8]. 1906-ban, miután meghalt apja, Münchenbe költözött a családdal együtt, és tanulmányait az ottani akadémián folytatta, ahova elsősorban Arnold Böcklin vonzotta. In 1915 de Chirico was conscripted into the Italian army and stationed at Ferrara, Italy. Born in the Greek port city of Volos, Giorgio de Chirico was the son of Italian parents. After 1919, he became a critic of modern art, studied traditional painting techniques, and worked in a neoclassical or neo-Baroque style, while frequently revisiting the metaphysical themes of his earlier work. Giorgio de Chirico Biography. Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Gare Montparnasse (The Melancholy of Departure), "Giorgio de Chirico | Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico", "The Origins of Adelaide Mabili and Her Marriage to Giorgio De Chirico: Restoration of the Historical Truth", "Figure 1: The map depicts in dotted lines the successive moves of de...", The Cambridge Companion to the Italian Novel, "The Nostalgia of the Poet – a project by Gabriele Tinti - Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico", "Gabriele Tinti: La nostalgia del poeta, Omaggio a Giorgio de Chirico", "Gabriele Tinti: La nostalgia del poeta, Omaggio a Giorgio De Chirico (2)", "Giorgio de Chirico - Argonaut of the Soul", http://www.fondazionedechirico.org/pubblicazioni/autori/de-chirico-and-the-united-kingdom-c-1916-1978/?lang=en, "The Spirits Released: De Chirico and Metaphysical Perspective", "Railway Stations and Minotaurs: gender in the paintings of Giorgio de Chirico and Pablo Picasso", "Il rapporto tra Giorgio de Chirico e l`Inghilterra", List of works designed with the golden ratio, Viewpoints: Mathematical Perspective and Fractal Geometry in Art, European Society for Mathematics and the Arts, Goudreau Museum of Mathematics in Art and Science, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giorgio_de_Chirico&oldid=998380222, Articles needing additional references from August 2019, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TePapa identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Giorgio DE CHIRICO (1888-1978) (Italy) is an artist born in 1888 The oldest auction result ever registered on the website for an artwork by this artist is a painting sold in 1983, at Binoche, and the most recent auction result is a print-multiple sold in 2021. In these works, such as The Soothsayer’s Recompense (1913) and The Mystery and Melancholy of a Street (1914), classical statues, dark arcades, and small, isolated figures are overpowered by their own shadows and by severe, oppressive architecture. He was born in Volos, a coastal city of Thessaly, and was encouraged by his father from a young age to cultivate a passion for art. 1888.- Rim, 20.11. see the entry on de Chirico in "Propyläen Kunstgeschichte, Die Kunst des 20. He began to paint in a neoclassical style. The element of mystery in de Chirico’s paintings dwindled after 1919, when he became interested in the technical methods of the Italian classical tradition. He also painted The Enigma of the Oracle while in Florence. [18] Numerous young artists who were similarly affected by de Chirico's imagery became the core of the Paris Surrealist group centered around Breton. [11] De Chirico found inspiration in the unexpected sensations that familiar places or things sometimes produced in him: In a manuscript of 1909 he wrote of the "host of strange, unknown and solitary things that can be translated into painting ... What is required above all is a pronounced sensitivity. In 1928 he held his first exhibition in New York City and shortly afterwards, London. By 1910 de Chirico was living in Florence, where he began painting a unique series of landscapes that included The Enigma of an Autumn Afternoon (1910), in which the long, sinister, and illogical shadows cast by unseen objects onto empty city spaces contrast starkly with bright, clear light that is rendered in brooding green tonalities. Giorgio de Chirico ( Volo, 10 luglio 1888 – Roma, 20 novembre 1978) è stato un pittore e scrittore italiano, principale esponente della corrente artistica della pittura metafisica . Giorgio de Chirico (IPA: ˈdʒɔrdʒo deˈkiriko; 10. Giorgio De Chirico is known for Pre-surrealist painting. De Chirico returned to Italy in the summer of 1909 and spent six months in Milan. After 1919, he became interested in more traditional ways of painting. His mother, named Gemma Cervetto, was a noblewoman of Genoese origin. Early de Chiricos are full of such effects. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Giorgio de Chirico az athéni Politechnikai Főiskolán tanult, amely műszaki és művészeti képzést is nyújtott. During 1913 he exhibited paintings at the Salon des Indépendants and Salon d’Automne; his work was noticed by Pablo Picasso and Guillaume Apollinaire, and he sold his first painting, The Red Tower. [3] His mother was Genoese-Greek[4] (likely born in Smyrna) and his father a Sicilian barone[2][5] from a family of remote Greek origin (the Kyriko or Chirico was a family of Greek origin that moved from Rhodes to Palermo in 1523, together with other 4000 Greek-Catholic families). [25], De Chirico's best-known works are the paintings of his metaphysical period. ("What shall I love if not the enigma? Giorgio De Chirico va ser tan estimat com odiat en la primera meitat del segle xx.André Breton el va considerar gràcies a les estranyes atmosferes i rerefons oníric dels seus paisatges com un dels precursors del surrealisme, però el 1918 el va declarar mort en tornar la mirada cap a l'art del Renaixement. Giorgio de Chirico, (born July 10, 1888, Vólos, Greece—died Nov. 19, 1978, Rome, Italy), Italian painter who, with Carlo Carrà and Giorgio Morandi, founded the style of Metaphysical painting. His most well-known works often feature Roman arcades, long shadows, mannequins, trains, and illogical perspective. Giuseppe Maria Alberto Giorgio de Chirico was born in Volos, Greece, as the eldest son of Gemma Cervetto and Evaristo de Chirico. His imagery reflects his affinity for the philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer and of Friedrich Nietzsche, and for the mythology of his birthplace. [39][40][41], The box art for Fumito Ueda's PlayStation 2 game Ico sold in Japan and Europe was strongly influenced by de Chirico. He nevertheless produced backdated "self-forgeries" both to profit from his earlier success, and as an act of revenge—retribution for the critical preference for his early work. The name means "Metaphysical school".The Scuola metafisica was a big influence on the surrealist painters. Karier. De Chirico won praise for his work almost immediately from the writer Guillaume Apollinaire, who helped to introduce his work to the later Surrealists. His both parents were of Italian heritage. [22] He also denounced many paintings attributed to him in public and private collections as forgeries. [20] His relationship with the Surrealists grew increasingly contentious, as they publicly disparaged his new work; by 1926 he had come to regard them as "cretinous and hostile". The poems were read by actor Burt Young at the Met in 2016. Perhaps it comes from the train and is near us. Son père, Evaristo , amateur d'art et de voile, ingénieur de Palerme chargé de la construction de lignes de chemin de fer, lui fait découvrir la Grèce antique. Christina Britzolakis, "Conversation amongst the Ruins: Plath and de Chirico", in Connors & Bayley, eds., '. Giorgio de Chirico adalah seorang pelukis asal Italia yang lahir pada tanggal 10 Juli 1888 di Volos, Yunani dan meninggal pada tanggal 19 November 1978 di Roma, Italia. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. In 1924 de Chirico visited Paris and was accepted into the group, although the surrealists were severely critical of his post-metaphysical work. Some comparison can be made to the long takes in Antonioni's films from the 1960s, in which the camera continues to linger on desolate cityscapes populated by a few distant figures, or none at all, in the absence of the film's protagonists. Giorgio de Chirico, unlike many artists of his generation, found little to admire in the works of Cézanne and other French modernists, but was inspired by the paintings of the Swiss Symbolist Arnold Böcklin and the work of German artists such as Max Klinger. Index biographique des membres et associés de l'Académie royale de Belgique (1769–2005), p. 72. De Chirico was profoundly moved by what he called the 'metaphysical aspect' of Turin, especially the architecture of its archways and piazzas. 1978), grčko-talijanski slikar Umjetnički se obrazovao u Ateni, 1906. se preselio u München i tamo postao članom umjetničke akademije. Giorgio De Chirico (Italian, July 10, 1888–November 20, 1978) was a notable Surrealist painter and graphic artist who founded the Metaphysical Art movement. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Gale, Matthew (2003, January 01). In the years before World War I, he founded the Scuola metafisica art movement. His father was an engineer working on the construction of the Greek railway system and his mother was a noblewoman of Genoese origin. His parents encouraged his artistic development, and from a young age he took a strong interest in Greek mythology, perhaps because Volos was the port the Argonauts were supposed to have set sail from to retrieve the Golden … His time in Paris also resulted in the production of Chirico's Ariadne. Et quid amabo nisi quod aenigma est? After studying in Athens and Florence, he moved to Germany to study at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich, where he was influenced by the writings of Nietzsche and Arthur Schopenhauer. The name means "Metaphysical school".The Scuola metafisica was a big influence on the surrealist painters. [16] This article heralded an abrupt change in his artistic orientation, as he adopted a classicizing manner inspired by such old masters as Raphael and Signorelli, and became part of the post-war return to order in the arts. Also in 1929, he made stage designs for Sergei Diaghilev.[10]. Giorgio de Chirico (Volos, 10 juli 1888 - Rome, 20 november 1978) was een Grieks-Italiaanse schilder.. Biografie. Writers who have appreciated de Chirico include John Ashbery, who has called Hebdomeros "probably ... the finest [major work of Surrealist fiction]. Gabriele Tinti composed three poems[36] inspired by de Chirico's paintings: The Nostalgia of the Poet (1914),[37] The Uncertainty of the Poet (1913), and Ariadne (1913),[38] works in the Peggy Guggenheim Collection, the Tate, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, respectively. His imagery reflects his affinity for the philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer and of Friedrich Nietzsche, and for the mythology of his birthplace.

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