la joconde de dalí wikipédia

[54][57][56][69] The hypothetical first portrait, displaying prominent columns, would have been commissioned by Giocondo circa 1503, and left unfinished in Leonardo's pupil and assistant Salaì's possession until his death in 1524. [123] The Mona Lisa was regarded as "just another Leonardo until early last century, when the scandal of the painting's theft from the Louvre and subsequent return kept a spotlight on it over several years. Tous droits réservés I Donnons un sens à votre vision, SENEGAL / BURKINA / MALI / MAURITANIE / GUINEE BISSAU, Cliquez pour partager sur LinkedIn(ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre), Cliquez pour partager sur Twitter(ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre), Cliquez pour partager sur Facebook(ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre), Cliquez pour partager sur WhatsApp(ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre). [119] The French urban artist known pseudonymously as Invader has created versions of the Mona Lisa on city walls in Paris and Tokyo using a mosaic style. Eduarda Avaroa (hiszp.Reserva Nacional de Fauna Andina Eduardo Avaroa) w departamencie Potosí, w południowo-zachodniej Boliwii.Jest ona nazywana tak dlatego, że podobne krajobrazy malował Salvador Dalí, który jednak nigdy nie był na tej pustyni, ani nawet o niej nie wiedział. On 30 December 1956, Bolivian Ugo Ungaza Villegas threw a rock at the Mona Lisa while it was on display at the Louvre. [76] On 21 August 1911, the painting was stolen from the Louvre. La Joconde est le tableau de Léonard de Vinci le plus célèbre. [137][138][139] However, a more recent report has demonstrated that this stereoscopic pair in fact gives no reliable stereoscopic depth. [3] It was kept at the Palace of Fontainebleau until Louis XIV moved it to the Palace of Versailles, where it remained until the French Revolution. Unfortunately, we cannot be absolutely certain that this portrait of Lisa del Giocondo is the painting of the Louvre."[15]. Dalí's older brother, who had also been named Salvador (born 12 October 1901), had died of gastroenteritis nine months earlier, on 1 August 1903. Une légende tenace née de la présence de ce voile grège et de l'absence de bijoux veut que Mona porte le deuil de sa fille Camilla morte en 1499. Il Ne M'accorde Pas D'attention, Votre adresse e-mail ne sera pas publiée. To compensate for fluctuations in relative humidity, the case is supplemented with a bed of silica gel treated to provide 55% relative humidity. [123] The Mona Lisa was regarded as "just another Leonardo until early last century, when the scandal of the painting's theft from the Louvre and subsequent return kept a spotlight on it over several years. "[12][13] Mona in Italian is a polite form of address originating as ma donna – similar to Ma'am, Madam, or my lady in English. In 1859, Théophile Gautier wrote that the Mona Lisa was a "sphinx of beauty who smiles so mysteriously" and that "Beneath the form expressed one feels a thought that is vague, infinite, inexpressible. [103] The renovation of the gallery where the painting now resides was financed by the Japanese broadcaster Nippon Television. Because of the painting's overwhelming stature, Dadaists and Surrealists often produce modifications and caricatures. La démarche dadaïste (1919) éminemment provocatrice tourne en dérision la sacro-oeuvre de Léonard de Vinci. In 1913, when the painting was recovered after its theft, Denizard was again called upon to work on the Mona Lisa. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at US$100 million in 1962[11] (equivalent to $660 million in 2019). Salvador Dalí was born on 11 May 1904, at 8:45 am, on the first floor of Carrer Monturiol, 20 in the town of Figueres, in the Empordà region, close to the French border in Catalonia, Spain. The Mona Lisa is one of the most valuable paintings in the world. The insurance was not purchased; instead, more was spent on security. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({ [140], A version of the Mona Lisa known as the Isleworth Mona Lisa was first bought by an English nobleman in 1778 and was rediscovered in 1913 by Hugh Blaker, an art connoisseur. Article de qualité. Leonardo has chosen to place the horizon line not at the neck, as he did with Ginevra de' Benci, but on a level with the eyes, thus linking the figure with the landscape and emphasizing the mysterious nature of the painting. He did so with such force that it shattered the glass case and dislodged a speck of pigment near the left elbow. Guerre Des Régulateurs, --Io Herodotus 16 juin 2020 à 05:35 (CEST) Votes. During the 20th century it was an object for mass reproduction, merchandising, lampooning and speculation, and was claimed to have been reproduced in "300 paintings and 2,000 advertisements". [63], On 6 April 2005—following a period of curatorial maintenance, recording, and analysis—the painting was moved to a new location within the museum's Salle des États. Once part of King Francis I of France's collection, the Mona Lisa was among the first artworks to be exhibited in the Louvre, which became a national museum after the French Revolution. Sometime between 1888 and 1905, or perhaps during the picture's theft, the upper brace fell out. 3 févr. French poet Guillaume Apollinaire came under suspicion and was arrested and imprisoned. Raphael, who had been to Leonardo's workshop several times, promptly used elements of the portrait's composition and format in several of his works, such as Young Woman with Unicorn (c. 1506),[108] and Portrait of Maddalena Doni (c. [81] After having kept the Mona Lisa in his apartment for two years, Peruggia grew impatient and was caught when he attempted to sell it to Giovanni Poggi, director of the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. And she's almost drowned in a sprinkler malfunction", "The Louvre, the most visited museum in the world (01.15)", "Culture – Could France sell the Mona Lisa to pay off its debts? }); [147], Copy of Mona Lisa commonly attributed to Salaì, 16th-century copy at the Hermitage by unknown artist, This article is about the painting. [106][107], The Mona Lisa began influencing contemporary Florentine painting even before its completion. It was exhibited in the Uffizi Gallery for over two weeks and returned to the Louvre on 4 January 1914. This was treated on the spot with carbon tetrachloride, and later with an ethylene oxide treatment. Centre Municipal De Santé Bourg-la-reine, En savoir plus sur comment les données de vos commentaires sont utilisées. Ver la imagen en su resolución original ‎ ((Imagen SVG, nominalmente 1524 × 995 pixels, tamaño de archivo: 554 kB)) Este es un archivo de Wikimedia Commons , un depósito de contenido libre hospedado por la Fundación Wikimedia . Un parcours adapté a été mis en place pour vous permettre de découvrir les chefs-d’œuvre du musée pendant cette période. Raphael, who had been to Leonardo's workshop several times, promptly used elements of the portrait's composition and format in several of his works, such as Young Woman with Unicorn (c. 1506),[108] and Portrait of Maddalena Doni (c. La Joconde, ou Portrait de Mona Lisa, est un tableau de Léonard de Vinci, réalisé entre 1503 et 1506 qui représente un buste, probablement celui de la florentine Lisa … Mona Lisa sera admirée par 1,7 million de visiteurs au total[76]. LORDIBRA . A modern művészet sajátos személyisége volt. [124], The 1911 theft of the Mona Lisa and its subsequent return was reported worldwide, leading to a massive increase in public recognition of the painting. [citation needed]. Experts universally agree that it is based on Leonardo's portrait. Salvador Dalí i Domènech, premier marquis de Dalí de Púbol, né à Figueras le 11 mai 1904, et mort dans la même ville, le 23 janvier 1989, est un peintre, sculpteur, graveur, scénariste et écrivain catalan de nationalité espagnole.Il est considéré comme l'un des principaux représentants du surréalisme, et comme l'un des plus célèbres peintres du XX e siècle. [31], The painting was one of the first portraits to depict the sitter in front of an imaginary landscape, and Leonardo was one of the first painters to use aerial perspective. Les plis des manches et du bustier répondent au motif du chemin, à la vallée ondoyante et à la sinuosité des pitons rocheux. Théâtre 6ème - Collège, enable_page_level_ads: true For example, Leonardo probably painted his model faithfully since her beauty is not seen as being among the best, "even when measured by late quattrocento (15th century) or even twenty-first century standards. A szürrealista alkotásmód magas esztétikai szintre emelésével egyszerre nyitott és tetőzött be egy korszakot. That Leonardo painted such a work, and its date, were confirmed in 2005 when a scholar at Heidelberg University discovered a marginal note in a 1477 printing of a volume by ancient Roman philosopher Cicero. [63], In 1977, a new insect infestation was discovered in the back of the panel as a result of crosspieces installed to keep the painting from warping. About this we are now certain. In 1919, Marcel Duchamp, one of the most influential modern artists, created L.H.O.O.Q., a Mona Lisa parody made by adorning a cheap reproduction with a moustache and goatee. Because of the painting's overwhelming stature, Dadaists and Surrealists often produce modifications and caricatures. Ceci fut confirmé par des examens scientifiques en 2004[29]. [14][15] It is believed by some that the Mona Lisa was begun in 1503 or 1504 in Florence. google_ad_client: "ca-pub-1183098247353066", La Joconde est déplacée de manière temporaire et reviendra dans la salle des Etats (salle 711) à la mi-octobre 2019, le temps d’y mener à bien les travaux de rénovation. ", "New proof said found for "original" Mona Lisa –", "Mona Lisa: A Comparative Evaluation of the Different Versions and Their Copies", Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, "Computer Studies of the Isleworth and Louvre Mona Lisas", Scientific analyses conducted by the Center for Research and Restoration of the Museums of France (C2RMF), Madonna and Child with the Infant Saint John the Baptist, The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne and Saint John the Baptist, Museo Nazionale Scienza e Tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci (Milan), Land grant to Marduk-apla-iddina I by Meli-Shipak II, Statue of the Tiber river with Romulus and Remus, Vulcan Presenting Venus with Arms for Aeneas, The Attributes of Civilian and Military Music, The Attributes of Music, the Arts and the Sciences, The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons, Coresus Sacrificing Himself to Save Callirhoe, Bonaparte Visiting the Plague Victims of Jaffa, Don Pedro of Toledo Kissing Henry IV's Sword, Joan of Arc at the Coronation of Charles VII, Portrait of Madame Marcotte de Sainte-Marie, Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil, Madonna and Child with Saint Peter and Saint Sebastian, Venus and the Three Graces Presenting Gifts to a Young Woman, A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts, Portrait of Alof de Wignacourt and his Page, The Doge on the Bucintoro near the Riva di Sant'Elena, Holy Family with the Family of St John the Baptist, Saints Bernardino of Siena and Louis of Toulouse, Madonna and Child with St John the Baptist and St Catherine of Alexandria, Madonna and Child with St Rose and St Catherine, Portrait of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, Portrait of Doña Isabel de Requesens y Enríquez de Cardona-Anglesola, Crucifixion with the Virgin Mary, St John and St Mary Magdalene, The Archangel Raphael Leaving Tobias' Family, Pendant portraits of Marten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit, Ixion, King of the Lapiths, Deceived by Juno, Who He Wished to Seduce, The Virgin and Child Surrounded by the Holy Innocents, Francis I, Charles V and the Duchess of Étampes, Street Scene near the El Ghouri Mosque in Cairo, Christopher Columbus Before the Council of Salamanca, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mona_Lisa&oldid=1000558472, Paintings of the Louvre by Italian artists, Articles containing Italian-language text, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2019, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox artwork with the material parameter, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2016, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Wikipedia articles with Joconde identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 15 January 2021, at 16:52. In 1906, Louvre restorer Eugène Denizard performed watercolour retouches on areas of the paint layer disturbed by the crack in the panel. [73] In 1797, it went on permanent display at the Louvre. [118] Andy Warhol created serigraph prints of multiple Mona Lisas, called Thirty Are Better than One, following the painting's visit to the United States in 1963. View the interactive image by Constant. [133], In 2014, a France 24 article suggested that the painting could be sold to help ease the national debt, although it was noted that the Mona Lisa and other such art works were prohibited from being sold due to French heritage law, which states that "Collections held in museums that belong to public bodies are considered public property and cannot be otherwise. Polski: Pustynia Salvadora Dalí położona w Narodowym Rezerwacie Fauny Andyjskiej im. "[63] It has never been fully restored,[97] so the current condition is partly due to a variety of conservation treatments the painting has undergone. The Mona Lisa (/ ˌ m oʊ n ə ˈ l iː s ə /; Italian: Monna Lisa [ˈmɔnna ˈliːza] or ! Les liens étroits entre Léonard de Vinci et la famille del Giocondo ont été établis en 2004 par Giuseppe Pallanti (2007)[85], d'après qui les archives d'une église du centre historique de Florence font référence à un acte de décès de « l'épouse de Francesco Del Giocondo », morte le 15 juillet 1542 et enterrée au couvent Sant'Orsola. This flexible frame, which is used in addition to the decorative frame described below, exerts pressure on the panel to keep it from warping further. De Mona Lisa (La Joconde) Waarschijnlijk het allerberoemdste schilderij ter wereld: de Mona Lisa, gemaakt door Leonardo da Vinci. Considered an archetypal masterpiece of the Italian Renaissance,[4][5] it has been described as "the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world". lang: en_US. [63] In view of this, Vincent Delieuvin, curator of 16th-century Italian painting at the Louvre, states that the sketch and these other copies must have been inspired by another version,[64] while Zöllner states that the sketch may be after another Leonardo portrait of the same subject. « J'ai pris l'objet, j'ai fait sauter la table, j'ai mis cet objet dans l'air, sans perspective, sans support. Comme dans le dessin de Raphaël, d’autre copies plus tardives de Mona Lisa, comme celles dans le musée national d’art, d’architecture et de design d’Oslo et dans le musée d’art Walters de Baltimore contiennent de larges colonnes. La Joconde nue or Monna Vanna is a 1514–1516 charcoal drawing with white highlights by the school of Leonardo da Vinci.It is a semi-nude portrait of a woman, 28-by-21 inch in size. Les champs obligatoires sont indiqués avec *. The title of the painting, which is known in English as Mona Lisa, comes from a description by Renaissance art historian Giorgio Vasari, who wrote "Leonardo undertook to paint, for Francesco del Giocondo, the portrait of Mona Lisa, his wife. Her gaze is fixed on the observer. "Possibly it was another portrait of which no record and no copies exist—Giuliano de' Medici surely had nothing to do with the. Both were later exonerated. La Joconde aux clés est l'aboutissement de plusieurs années de travail consacrées par Léger à dispenser les objets dessinés ou peints du support traditionnel. En 1946, prévenu par René Huyghe, conservateur en chef du département des peintures, du retour des œuvres, Pierre Jahan la photographie lors de l'ouverture de sa caisse : « Elle apparaît enfin, intacte, ayant échappé à cinq ans de bouleversements et à la fringale d'objets d'art du tout-puissant maréchal Goering… » (cf. (donc 3 ans ) Ce qu'il y a d'extraordinaire dans ce tableau, c'est que la jeune femme nous regarde tout le temps. [74] Rue des Archives/Spaarnestad/Rue des Archives. Attendre. Gala Éluard Dalí (Kazan, Rússia, 7 de setembre de 1894 – Portlligat, 10 de juny de 1982) va ser una artista i model russa. On 30 December 1956, Bolivian Ugo Ungaza Villegas threw a rock at the Mona Lisa while it was on display at the Louvre. [87][88] In both cases, the painting was undamaged. [116] According to Rhonda R. Shearer, the apparent reproduction is in fact a copy partly modelled on Duchamp's own face.[117]. Salvador Dalí nació a las 8:45 horas del 11 de mayo de 1904, [7] en el número 20 de la calle Monturiol, en Figueras, provincia de Gerona, [8] en la comarca catalana del Ampurdán, cerca de la frontera con Francia. In the mid-18th century to early 19th century, two butterfly-shaped walnut braces were inserted into the back of the panel to a depth of about one third the thickness of the panel. It has long been the best-known source of information on the provenance of the work and identity of the sitter. He also found that in one layer the subject was depicted wearing numerous hairpins and a headdress adorned with pearls which was later scrubbed out and overpainted. [78][79] The real culprit was Louvre employee Vincenzo Peruggia, who had helped construct the painting's glass case. [40], Research in 2008 by a geomorphology professor at Urbino University and an artist-photographer revealed likenesses of Mona Lisa's landscapes to some views in the Montefeltro region in the Italian provinces of Pesaro and Urbino, and Rimini. Zollner gives a date of c. 1504, most others say c. 1506, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (, Costanza d'Avalos, Duchess of Francavilla, National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design, "The Mona Lisa's Twin Painting Discovered", "The Theft That Made Mona Lisa a Masterpiece", "Mona Lisa – Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo", "Mona Lisa – Heidelberger find clarifies identity", "Highest insurance valuation for a painting", "Mona Lisa – Heidelberg discovery confirms identity", "German experts crack the ID of 'Mona Lisa, "Riddle of Mona Lisa is finally solved: she was the mother of five", "Mona Lisa backdrop depicts Italian town of Bobbio, claims art historian", "Leonardo's Portrait of Mona Lisa del Giocondo", "Solved: Why Mona Lisa doesn't have eyebrows", "Lurking Beneath the 'Mona Lisa' May Be the Real One", "BBC NEWS – Entertainment – Mona Lisa smile secrets revealed", "Researchers identify landscape behind the Mona Lisa", "Da Vinci 'paralysis left Mona Lisa unfinished, "A Portrait of Leonardo da Vinci May Reveal Why He Never Finished the Mona Lisa", "Leonardo da Vinci never finished the Mona Lisa because he injured his arm while fainting, experts say", "Mona Lisa: A comparative evaluation of the different versions and copies", "Leonardo da Vinci's portrait of Mona Lisa de Giocondo", "The Theft That Made The 'Mona Lisa' A Masterpiece", "The French Burglar Who Pulled Off His Generation's Biggest Art Heist", "Top 25 Crimes of the Century: Stealing the Mona Lisa, 1911", "Review: The Lost Mona Lisa: The Extraordinary True Story of the Greatest Art Theft in History by RA Scotti", "100 Years Ago: The Mastermind Behind the Mona Lisa Heist | The Saturday Evening Post", "Russian tourist hurls mug at Mona Lisa in Louvre", "Will new Mona Lisa queuing system in restored Louvre gallery bring a smile back to visitors' faces? Léonard a sûrement peint non seulement le portrait d'une femme, mais aussi le portrait d'une expression. L'hypothèse généralement admise est l'identification de La Joconde à Lisa Gherardini, épouse de Francesco del Giocondo. Antonyme De Ingrat, Elle est disposée de trois quarts et représentée jusqu'à la taille, bras et mains compris, regardant le spectateur, ce qui est relativement nouveau à l'époque et rompt avec les portraits jusque-là répandus, qui coupent le buste à hauteur des épaules ou de la poitrine et sont entièrement de profil[7]. [121] Elle aurait été peinte vers 1503-1516. Apollinaire implicated his friend Pablo Picasso, who was brought in for questioning. Leonardo began to be revered as a genius, and the painting's popularity grew in the mid-19th century when French intelligentsia praised it as mysterious and a representation of the femme fatale. Leonardo has chosen to place the horizon line not at the neck, as he did with Ginevra de' Benci, but on a level with the eyes, thus linking the figure with the landscape and emphasizing the mysterious nature of the painting. To compensate for fluctuations in relative humidity, the case is supplemented with a bed of silica gel treated to provide 55% relative humidity. Il trouva son propre style à partir de 1929, année où il devin… Elle décèle sous l'arche droite[112] le nombre 72, qui ferait référence à l’année 1472, date de la destruction partielle de l'édifice[113]. 2018 - Cette épingle a été découverte par Micheline. [28] The woman sits markedly upright in a "pozzetto" armchair with her arms folded, a sign of her reserved posture. ", "In Louvre, New Room With View of 'Mona Lisa, "A Record Picasso and the Hype Price of Status Objects", "Another art anniversary: Mona Lisa comes to New York! [18] Alessandro Vezzosi believes that the painting is characteristic of Leonardo's style in the final years of his life, post-1513. "[109], Early commentators such as Vasari and André Félibien praised the picture for its realism, but by the Victorian era, writers began to regard the Mona Lisa as imbued with a sense of mystery and romance. Il Ne M'accorde Pas D'attention, [citation needed], The Mona Lisa has had many different decorative frames in its history, owing to changes in taste over the centuries. Dated October 1503, the note was written by Leonardo's contemporary Agostino Vespucci. Proposé par : Io Herodotus 16 juin 2020 à 05:33 (CEST) Ce tableau, soit disant le plus connu au monde, devrait atteindre un niveau de qualité. [135] The Prado's conclusion that the painting is probably by Salaì (1480–1524) or by Melzi (1493–1572) has been called into question by others. In 1985, the spot was again treated with carbon tetrachloride as a preventive measure. [40], Research in 2008 by a geomorphology professor at Urbino University and an artist-photographer revealed likenesses of Mona Lisa's landscapes to some views in the Montefeltro region in the Italian provinces of Pesaro and Urbino, and Rimini. Selon d'autres hypothèses, qui n'émanent pas d'historiens de l'art, le sujet du tableau est la propre mère de Léonard, d'après ses souvenirs de jeunesse[90] ou bien raconte le mythe d'Isis et d'Osiris[91]. [44] He had begun working on a portrait of Lisa del Giocondo, the model of the Mona Lisa, by October 1503. The edges of the painting have been trimmed at least once in its history to fit the picture into various frames, but no part of the original paint layer has been trimmed.

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